Which aspect of network security is managed by most operating systems?

User authentication and access control are crucial aspects of network security managed by most operating systems. This function ensures that only authorized individuals can access sensitive data or network resources, thereby protecting the system from unauthorized access and potential security breaches.

Operating systems typically implement authentication mechanisms such as usernames and passwords, biometric data (like fingerprints), and security tokens to verify user identities. Once authenticated, access control measures define what resources users can access and what actions they are permitted to perform, enforcing policies that protect system integrity and confidentiality.

This foundational layer of security helps organizations comply with regulations and standards, manage user permissions effectively, and maintain a secure network environment, which is essential in mitigating risks associated with data breaches and cyber threats.